Are universities killing creativity?
higher education, university, universities, post secondary, pedagogy, creativity
-

-

-

-

-

-

-
Research universities collect a very large number of smart people in one place and provide them with lots of resources. This can be very stimulating. However, the reward system militates against excellence in undergraduate education, and I believe as faculty that is the most important role we have. The detailed list of what is wrong would, I'm afraid, overwhelm this chat. -

-
Just about everything. We have no tenure, and we have no faculty ranks. We have no departments -- no knowledge silos that frustrate collaboration. We have no lecture halls; all our classes are seminars with fewer than 20 students. And without Departments, we have no majors. After a broad introduction to the arts and sciences, each student, working one-on-one with a faculty member, designs his or her own "Question" that guides study over the final two years. -

-

-

-
You mention that with this new approach, "each student... designs his or her own "Question" that guides study over the final two years." Do you have any worries that might make for an overly-focused last two years of a bachelor degree? A traditional degree would have a lot of scope and breadth in the last two years. -
It could in principle. But first note that every student comes to the Question having taken 16 courses from throughout the life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, social sciences humanities and arts. We then help them form questions which are inherently interdisciplinary, have a required experiential learning component out in the real world, and a reading list which provides context for the course of study. In fact, I think this is much more open than pre-programmed major sequences or programs one finds at most universities. -
Some students who do well in a typical university curriculum and assessment may not, by nature, be very creative. Others who are not so academically inclined and successful, may be highly creative and entreprenurial. Have you observed this over the years? -

-
Globe and Mail Education Reports editor Simon Beck sends in this question: It's all very well to teach creativity to Quest's arts and humanities students, but isn't it more important for the economy to instill this way of thinking into science and business students? -
Note that our degree -- the only one we award -- is the Bachelor of Arts AND Sciences -- all of our students take both in substantial quantities; in fact, only a minority of our students end up with Questions in what would traditionally be found in an "arts" or "humanities curriculum. -

-
Some Questions are very broad: "Is democracy a viable form of government to solve the problems of the twenty-first century?" The final project focused on a much narrower comparative study of different voting systems. Others are quite specific: "How do local cultural norms affect the delivery of public health services in developing countries?" This student collected Lyme-diseased ticks in a Haz Mat suit and took courses in epidemiology and biochemistry to understand vector-borne diseases, then spent three months in Central America in local health clinics seeing our centralized government health services played out on the ground, and took courses in cultural anthropology. Her final project studied an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever in the Bolivian Amazon in which she documented the interaction of the WHO doctors with the local shamans in stopping this epidemic. She is now in grad school in epidemiology. -

-

-
I think a bigger concern is are universities providing a practical education to actually get a job. Many courses in the liberal arts and sciences have no job potential. I think schools need a more co-op approach to provide work skills along w theory. Do you agree? -
I do agree that real world experience is important; that is what our experiential learning requirement is for. However I emphatically do not agree that the point of an undergraduate education must be job training. There is a large difference between education and training. Both are very important. But, in fact, if you ask HR officers at corporations what they want and are not getting from today's graduates, it is NOT more techincal training. 89% say they want employees who can write and speak effectvely and persuasively; 84% say they want employees who collaborate well with people from other backgrounds and job skills to solve real-world company problems. And they want people with advanced analytical reasoning abilities. Those are precisely the things a liberal arts education provide... -

-
In fact, in the US, undergraduate liberal arts (4-year) colleges produce only 3% of US bachelor degrees. But if you look at PhD scientists, Peace Corps volunteers, Fortune 500 CEOs, Pulitzer Prize winners, etc., the graduates of these programs are over-represented by 200% to 600%. -
If Ideas are the currency of the 21st century, why are they in Academia often the exclusive domain of those with a PhD? Ken Robinson's Ted Talk points out the the entire education system is designed to produce professors, how do we undo this hegemonic thinking? -
Quest University opened in 2007 with a few dozen students, so we only have one small class of graduates, but they are thriving. Two are in graduate programs at the Canadian Center for Human Health. One is going to the UBC Sauder School of Business and another just got into the Anthropology PhD program at Stanford. Three are Katimavik leaders and two are in the US Peace Corps. Several are in the fifth-year K-12 teacher programs. And one just returned from presenting a major study he conducted on training of primary care health workers in remote parts of Zambia to the Zambian Minister of Health. -

-
Education and job training are being confused and superimposed on each other just now. In high schools we are striving to send almost all students to university. This in itself is flawed. We are sending many students who prefer structure over creativity into a knowledgescape where they are overwhelmed. Good questions need broad based understanding in order to extend to innovation. How is Quest selecting its students? -
I completely agree with Ken Robinson's point. One of the greatest problems of undergraduate education is it is based on a 19th century German model of a university and for 150 years, faculty members have been teaching in a system in which they succeeded, but which is far from ideal for the 99% of their students who will not become university professors. We are trying to break that model. -

-
I also agree with Elle's points. The Quest selection process has at its core a personal interview -- yes, every applicant is interviewed in person or over Skype for half an hour or more. They must also write an essay on one of the topics of our choice, and they must submit a piece of original work -- we are no more specific than that, but we want to know what gets them excited. We also look at grades of course (and, as important, how challenging the courses they chose to take were), but we have no specific grade-point average cutoff -- we have an interest-level cutoff. -

-
Sorry, getting behind here on Ron's questions about flounderers. Of course some do better than others. But when the average class size is 14, and every student has a faculty mentor for 2+ years, we catch floundering pretty quickly. This doesn't mean everyone does equally well, but those who work hard all make it. -
The Block system -- about which I was initially skeptical -- has been a revelation, to me, to every faculty member (permanent and visiting) who has taught in it, and to the vast majority of our students (who when they study abroad in semesters, come running back to embrace it).... -
I'm responding to J Henry's question. I am a Quest professor and one of my students is currently completing an experiential learning block with the Vancouver InterCultural Orchestra, where she has been getting on-the-job training in arts management, web maintenance, event marketing, media relations, Chinese translation, event planning, and many other skills that will serve her well after she graduates. -
The block system allows a banishment of one of the evils of our age -- multi-tasking -- and produces a level of focus, engagement, and depth that is simply not achievable in the traditional system. It allows for unlimited field trips (hours to weeks) because there are no class conflicts. And it allows us to bring in wonderful visiting faculty who can't take 4 months off from their day job, but can do 3.5 weeks. Last year our international relations course was taught by the Canadian ambassador to Mozambique. -

-

-

-

-
We are implementing child-directed preschool learning through ECEs in kindergarten. It's an exciting prospect to think of a talented student pursuing a subject that holds their passion,and is intrinsically motivated to do so. Students respond very positively to this system! And they will learn FAST when motivated. I have taught ENG4U in an 8 day summer school course for years, and I can accomplish more (and students learn more) when I'm not competing with other subjects. Is the Quest model being studied as an experiment for publication? -

-
I have to ask, since you come from an American center and are now in BC. Do you find it a bit odd that there is such a monopoly in BC in university disciplines? For example, BC with 5 million people has only UBC as its medical school, whereas Boston has three medical schools and Montreal has two (Baltimore two, Houston three, etc) for similar or smaller populations. -
What I find most odd, Fred, is the strictly Provincial nature of education in Canada. I really do not think it is healthy. Greater than 96% of students go to university in their home Province, and even transferring from one province to another to go to gradate school has barriers. Labour market mobility is a sine qua non of a vibrant, creative economy, and I don't think Canada's current system encourages that. -

-
The blocks are completely self-contained; i.e., all the work is accomplished within the block. But note, classes meet three hours a day, five days a week and we expect 5 hours a day of work outside of class (collaboratively and individually). The Keystone project that comes out of the Question, of course, runs for two years, but the individual courses are self-contained (and a fifty-page essay, while not a typical assignment, is possible when you have nothing else to worry about for a month). -
What might you tell parents or students who have limited funds or are starting anew in Canada that they are going into a process of free exploration? This especially when tuition at Quest is $28,000 a year (although many scholarships are awarded). When I was in university, I knew people from new-immigrant families whose parents wouldn’t let them study what they wanted because they wanted their children to study something practical. -
I gave a talk to 250 parents and students last night at an independent school in Toronto -- you will be unsurprised I was asked that question. My answer comes from my personal experience and the statistics cited earlier about US liberal arts institutions. But note, I would not call it "free exploration" -- the first 16 courses are specified and the program is quite structured -- it is just that it is structured to foster creativity. -
The biggest problem is that Universities moved away from a mandate to educate students in how to learn and think to being a place to be trained to enter the workforce. Creativity comes from exposure to multiple ways of thinking and analysis. Not being taught specific methods of performing a task. There needs to be basic competency in a subject area but the rest should be learning to think and learn -

-

-

-

-

